Tabrecta (capmatinib) vs Gavreto (pralsetinib)
Tabrecta (capmatinib) vs Gavreto (pralsetinib)
Tabrecta (capmatinib) and Gavreto (pralsetinib) are both targeted therapies used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but they are designed to target different genetic mutations. Tabrecta is indicated for adult patients with metastatic NSCLC that have mutations leading to MET exon 14 skipping, and its efficacy is contingent upon the presence of this specific genetic alteration. Gavreto, on the other hand, is approved for the treatment of adults with metastatic RET fusion-positive NSCLC, and it is crucial for patients to have this particular RET gene alteration for the medication to be effective. When deciding between these medications, it is essential to have molecular testing to determine the presence of either the MET exon 14 skipping mutation or the RET fusion in the tumor, which will guide the appropriate therapy choice.
Difference between Tabrecta and Gavreto
| Metric | Tabrecta (capmatinib) | Gavreto (pralsetinib) |
|---|---|---|
| Generic name | Capmatinib | Pralsetinib |
| Indications | Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with MET exon 14 skipping mutations | NSCLC with RET fusion, RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer, and advanced or metastatic RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer |
| Mechanism of action | MEK inhibitor | RET kinase inhibitor |
| Brand names | Tabrecta | Gavreto |
| Administrative route | Oral | Oral |
| Side effects | Peripheral edema, nausea, fatigue, vomiting, dyspnea, and decreased appetite | Hypertension, hepatotoxicity, hemorrhagic events, and risk of impaired wound healing |
| Contraindications | Hypersensitivity to capmatinib or any of the excipients | Hypersensitivity to pralsetinib or any of the excipients |
| Drug class | Kinase inhibitor | Kinase inhibitor |
| Manufacturer | Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation | Blueprint Medicines Corporation |
Efficacy
Overview of Tabrecta (capmatinib) in Lung Cancer Treatment
Tabrecta (capmatinib) is a targeted therapy approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has metastasized. Specifically, it is indicated for those whose tumors have a mutation that leads to MET exon 14 skipping, as detected by an FDA-approved test. The efficacy of Tabrecta was evaluated in a clinical trial where the primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR), and the secondary endpoint was duration of response (DoR). In patients with this specific genetic alteration, Tabrecta has demonstrated significant efficacy in shrinking tumors and in some cases, prolonging the period before the cancer progresses.
Results from Clinical Trials of Tabrecta (capmatinib)
Clinical trials have shown that Tabrecta has an ORR of 68% in newly diagnosed patients and 41% in previously treated patients. The median DoR was also notable, with 12.6 months in treatment-naive patients and 9.7 months in previously treated patients. These results highlight Tabrecta's potential as a first-line treatment option, as well as a subsequent therapy for NSCLC with MET exon 14 skipping mutations.
Overview of Gavreto (pralsetinib) in Lung Cancer Treatment
Gavreto (pralsetinib) is another targeted therapy approved by the FDA for the treatment of NSCLC. It is specifically designed for patients with tumors that have RET gene alterations, which can be identified through an FDA-approved test. Gavreto has shown efficacy in both treatment-naive and previously treated patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC. The approval was based on a series of clinical trials that evaluated the ORR and DoR, demonstrating that Gavreto can effectively target and reduce tumor burden in the specified patient population.
Results from Clinical Trials of Gavreto (pralsetinib)
In clinical trials, Gavreto achieved an ORR of 70% in treatment-naive patients and 58% in previously treated patients. The median DoR was not reached in treatment-naive patients, suggesting a potentially long-lasting response, and was 19.4 months in previously treated patients. These findings support the use of Gavreto as an effective treatment option for patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC, regardless of prior therapies.
Regulatory Agency Approvals
Tabrecta
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European Medical Agency (EMA), European Union
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Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
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Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), Japan
Gavreto
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European Medical Agency (EMA), European Union
-
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA
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