Efficacy

Edaravone for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Edaravone, marketed by Daiichi Sankyo, has been established as a treatment for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The efficacy of Edaravone in ALS was demonstrated in a pivotal six-month clinical trial that included participants with early-stage ALS. The study showed that Edaravone could slow the decline in physical function, as measured by the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R), compared to placebo. This benefit was observed in a subgroup of ALS patients with less advanced disease and higher baseline function. It is important to note that the long-term effects of Edaravone on survival, disease progression, and quality of life are still being studied.

Edaravone is believed to exert its therapeutic effects through its antioxidant properties, which may help to mitigate the oxidative stress thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALS. However, the exact mechanism by which Edaravone exerts its effects in ALS patients remains to be fully elucidated. The drug is administered intravenously and requires a treatment schedule that includes daily infusions for two weeks, followed by a two-week drug-free period.

Eril (Fasudil Hydrochloride) and ALS

Eril, which contains the active ingredient fasudil hydrochloride, is primarily used as a vasodilator for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. Its potential efficacy in ALS is based on the hypothesis that fasudil's inhibition of Rho kinase may have neuroprotective effects. Rho kinase is involved in various cellular processes, including apoptosis and inflammation, which are implicated in the pathophysiology of ALS. Despite this theoretical basis, the evidence for Eril's efficacy in ALS is not as well-established as for Edaravone.

Research on fasudil hydrochloride in the context of ALS is limited, with some studies conducted on animal models suggesting potential benefits. These preclinical studies indicate that fasudil may improve motor function and extend survival. However, clinical trials in human patients with ALS are necessary to confirm these findings and to establish the safety and efficacy profile of Eril for this indication. Until such data are available, the use of Eril for ALS remains experimental and off-label, and it is not widely recognized as a standard treatment for the disease.