Efficacy

Kesimpta (Ofatumumab) for Multiple Sclerosis

Kesimpta (ofatumumab) is a medication specifically approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), which include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease in adults. Ofatumumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20, a protein found on the surface of B cells, which are a type of immune cell implicated in the pathogenesis of MS. By binding to CD20, Kesimpta depletes B cells and is thought to modulate the immune response that contributes to MS disease activity.

The efficacy of Kesimpta in treating MS was demonstrated in two pivotal phase III clinical trials, ASCLEPIOS I and II. These trials showed that Kesimpta significantly reduced the annualized relapse rate (ARR) compared to teriflunomide, another MS medication. Patients treated with Kesimpta also had fewer MRI-detected lesions and a lower risk of disability progression. The reduction in disease activity suggests that Kesimpta is effective in controlling the inflammatory aspects of MS.

Fleqsuvy (Baclofen) for Multiple Sclerosis

Fleqsuvy (baclofen) is not specifically approved for multiple sclerosis; however, it is commonly used off-label to manage symptoms associated with MS, particularly spasticity. Spasticity is a common symptom of MS, characterized by muscle stiffness and involuntary muscle spasms. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant that acts on the central nervous system, more specifically at the level of the spinal cord, to alleviate these symptoms. It is believed to work by inhibiting excitatory neurotransmitter release and thus reducing muscle hyperactivity.

While the primary use of baclofen is for spasticity, its efficacy in MS-related spasticity has been supported by various studies. Clinical evidence suggests that baclofen can significantly reduce spasticity scores and improve patient-reported outcomes. However, the degree of benefit can vary among individuals, and treatment with baclofen often requires careful dose titration to balance efficacy with potential side effects. It is important to note that while baclofen can help manage MS symptoms, it does not alter the course of the disease or reduce the frequency of relapses like disease-modifying therapies such as Kesimpta.