Kesimpta (ofatumumab) vs Ponvory (ponesimod)

Kesimpta (ofatumumab) and Ponvory (ponesimod) are both used in the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), but they work through different mechanisms. Kesimpta is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20-positive B cells, which are believed to play a role in the abnormal immune response in MS, and is administered through subcutaneous injections. Ponvory, on the other hand, is a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator that traps immune cells in lymph nodes, preventing them from reaching the central nervous system, and is taken orally as a tablet. Patients should discuss with their healthcare provider to determine which medication aligns best with their medical history, lifestyle, and treatment preferences.

Difference between Kesimpta and Ponvory

Metric	Kesimpta (ofatumumab)	Ponvory (ponesimod)
Generic name	Ofatumumab	Ponesimod
Indications	Relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), including clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease	Relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), including clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease
Mechanism of action	CD20-directed cytolytic antibody	S1P receptor modulator
Brand names	Kesimpta	Ponvory
Administrative route	Subcutaneous injection	Oral
Side effects	Upper respiratory tract infection, headache, injection-related reactions	Upper respiratory infection, elevated liver enzymes, high blood pressure, and others
Contraindications	Hepatitis B virus infection, active infection	CYP3A4 inducers, bradyarrhythmia, atrioventricular block
Drug class	Monoclonal antibody	Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator
Manufacturer	Novartis	Janssen Pharmaceuticals

Efficacy

Kesimpta (Ofatumumab) Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis

Kesimpta (ofatumumab) is a targeted B-cell therapy approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), which includes clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease in adults. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of Kesimpta in reducing the annual relapse rate (ARR) in individuals with relapsing forms of MS. The ASCLEPIOS I and II phase III trials showed that ofatumumab significantly lowered the ARR compared to teriflunomide, a previously approved MS medication. Additionally, Kesimpta was shown to reduce the number of new or enlarging T2 lesions and gadolinium-enhancing lesions on MRI, which are markers of disease activity in MS.

Furthermore, Kesimpta has been associated with a reduction in the risk of disability progression. The ASCLEPIOS trials indicated that ofatumumab decreased the risk of 3-month confirmed disability progression when compared to teriflunomide. This suggests that Kesimpta can not only reduce relapse rates but may also slow the progression of disability in patients with MS, which is a critical aspect of disease management.

Ponvory (Ponesimod) Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis

Ponvory (ponesimod) is an oral sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for the treatment of adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, including clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting MS, and active secondary progressive MS. The efficacy of Ponvory in MS was primarily demonstrated in the phase III OPTIMUM trial. In this study, ponesimod showed a statistically significant reduction in the annual relapse rate compared to teriflunomide, another oral MS therapy. This indicates that Ponvory is effective in decreasing the frequency of MS relapses.

In addition to its impact on relapse rates, Ponvory has also been shown to affect MRI lesion activity. The OPTIMUM trial reported that ponesimod resulted in fewer new or enlarging T2 lesions and fewer gadolinium-enhancing lesions compared to teriflunomide. Moreover, Ponvory demonstrated a reduction in brain volume loss, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect. While the long-term benefits of Ponvory on disability progression are still being evaluated, these findings provide evidence of its efficacy in controlling disease activity in MS.

Regulatory Agency Approvals

Kesimpta

European Medical Agency (EMA), European Union
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA

Ponvory

European Medical Agency (EMA), European Union
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA

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